Violence Exposure and Drug Use in Central American Youth: Family Cohesion and Parental Monitoring as Protective Factors

Wendy L. Kliewer · Lenn Murrelle · Elizabeth C. Prom‐Wormley · Melva Ramirez · Patricia Obando · Luis Sandi +1 more

104 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Research on Adolescence

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Youth, Drugs, and Violence Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes Crime Patterns and Interventions

Abstract

Associations between witnessing serious violence and drug use, and the protective influences of family cohesion and parental monitoring, were investigated among 9,840 adolescents (50.5% female, M age=15.29 years, SD=1.76) living in Panama and Costa Rica. After accounting for demographics and parental and sibling substance use, witnessing serious violence was associated with greater drunkenness, tobacco use, number of illicit drugs used, and problems with drugs and alcohol. In every analysis, exposure to violence was associated with more drug use, while family cohesion and parental monitoring attenuated risk. Further, family cohesion and parental monitoring exerted a protective‐stabilizing effect on number of illicit drugs used and on problems with drugs and alcohol. There were few interactions with age. Implications for prevention are discussed.

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2000The Construct of Resilience: A Critical Evaluation and Guidelines for Future Work 2000What parents know, how they know it, and several forms of adolescent adjustment: Further support for a reinterpretation of monitoring.1989Children's social networks and social supports 1995Psychosocial sequelae of violent victimization in a national youth sample.1998The role of social and cognitive processes in children's adjustment to community violence.2001Exposure to Violence and Associated Health-Risk Behaviors Among Adolescent Girls 2000What Do Adolescents Need for Healthy Development? Implications for Youth Policy

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2013The Protective Effects of Neighborhood Collective Efficacy on Adolescent Substance Use and Violence Following Exposure to Violence 2010Effects of Parental Monitoring and Exposure to Community Violence on Antisocial Behavior and Anxiety/Depression Among Adolescents 2010Contextual Stress and Health Risk Behaviors Among African American Adolescents 2013Community Violence Exposure and Adolescent Delinquency 2015Protective Factors for Youth Exposed to Violence in Their Communities: A Review of Family, School, and Community Moderators

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