Pain, mindfulness, and spirituality: A randomized controlled trial comparing effects of mindfulness and relaxation on pain-related outcomes in migraineurs

Margaret Feuille · K. I. Pargament

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Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology Migraine and Headache Studies

Abstract

In order to examine mindfulness as an intervention for pain, 107 migraineurs, predominantly college students, were randomly assigned to brief training in standardized mindfulness, spiritualized mindfulness, and simple relaxation instructions. After 2 weeks of daily practice, participants completed the cold-pressor task while practicing their assigned technique, and their experience of the task was assessed. Among the 74 study-completers, standardized mindfulness led to significantly reduced pain-related stress relative to simple relaxation, providing modest support for the utility of mindfulness in pain management. Pain-related outcomes in the spiritualized mindfulness condition were similar to those of standardized mindfulness, though spirituality did appear to enhance mindful awareness.

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References

2008Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of Your Body and Mind to Face Stress, Pain, and Illness 2005Wherever You Go, There You Are: Mindfulness Meditation in Everyday Life 1995Wherever you go, there you are: Mindfulness meditation in everyday life 2007Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program 2006The toronto mindfulness scale: Development and validation 2008Spiritually integrated psychotherapy: understanding and addressing the sacred 2006Mechanisms of mindfulness: Emotion regulation following a focused breathing induction 2003Religiosity and Mental Health: A Meta–Analysis of Recent Studies

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