Toward a theory and measure of the nature of nonprejudice.

Abstract

To broaden the understanding of interpersonal relations, the nature of nonprejudice is proposed, and a means of measuring it is developed. Nonprejudice is conceptualized, in part, as a universal orientation in interpersonal relations whereby perceivers selectively attend to, accentuate, and interpret similarities rather than differences between the self and others (cognitive integration vs. differentiation). A series of studies indicates that the Universal Orientation Scale is a reliable, valid construct, presumedly measuring nonprejudice. In 2 studies in which participants rated photographs of persons differing in ethnicity, universally oriented participants were more accepting and less discriminating between minority and nonminority control targets than were less universally oriented participants. Discussion includes an elaboration of a theory of nonprejudice.

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