Experiences from polio supplementary immunization activities in Anambra State, Nigeria

IN Onyeka · Amobi Linus Ilika · FN Ilika · DC Umeh · RI Onyibe · CJ Okoye +2 more

14 citations0/0 files storedNigerian Journal of Clinical Practice

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy Global Maternal and Child Health Viral Infections and Immunology Research

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Routine immunization coverage is low in some States in Nigeria and contributes to the transmission of wild poliovirus. Anambra State has been polio-free since 2004. However, the risk of importation of poliovirus from travelers and migrants is a public health concern due to the commercial nature of the State. This paper reported experiences and lessons from supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) conducted in the State that will be useful to other settings experiencing low uptake of routine immunization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SIAs were conducted simultaneously in the 21 local government areas (LGAs) in Anambra State during January, March, and November 2010. Data were entered and analyzed in Excel spreadsheet and findings were summarized as frequencies and proportions. RESULTS: A total of 1,187,866 children were vaccinated in January, 1,260,876 in March and 1,225,187 in November 2010. The State's cumulative coverage exceeded the target coverage of >90% in the three SIAs. All LGAs met the >90% target in January and March, but one LGA achieved 79% coverage in November. The proportion of zero-dose children decreased from 6% to 4.7%, and the vaccine wastage rate ranged from 6% to 6.6%. In that same year, the state did not achieve the target coverage of >80% for routine oral polio vaccine (OPV 3 ) immunization in any of the months and only 29% of the LGAs exceeded the routine OPV 3 target. CONCLUSION: The State achieved high polio vaccination coverage through the SIAs, but coverage through routine immunization was low. Adopting proper planning and supervision, financial and political support, community involvement, improved vaccine logistics, and other measures utilized during the SIAs could help to improve routine immunization.

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References

2012Communicating with parents about vaccination: a framework for health professionals 2011Global polio eradication initiative 2008Determinants of vaccination coverage in rural Nigeria 2011Reasons for incomplete vaccination and factors for missed opportunities among rural Nigerian children 2006Perspectives on polio and immunization in Northern Nigeria 2016Global Routine Vaccination Coverage, 2015 2011Gender inequities, relationship power, and childhood immunization uptake in Nigeria: a population-based cross-sectional study 2012Parental perceptions surrounding polio and self-reported non-participation in polio supplementary immunization activities in Karachi, Pakistan: a mixed methods study

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