An inquiry into openness in international trade

Farhang Niroomand · Edward Nissan

16 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Economic Studies

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Global trade and economics Global Trade and Competitiveness Globalization, Economics, and Policies

Abstract

The ratio of exports plus imports to gross national product may be viewed as a measure of openness in international trade. Constructs indexes for 1967, 1980 and 1988, using this ratio for cross‐country comparison of trade patterns. Analysis of variance and regression reveal that the patterns among countries differ according to levels of income, and that there was a trend towards convergence of the index in the late 1980s reversing an earlier trend towards divergence.

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References

1978Exports and economic growth 1992Openness, Trade Liberalization and Growth In Developing Countries 1990World Development Report 1990 1985Exports, growth and causality in developing countries 1977Exports and growth 1985Exports, policy choices, and economic growth in developing countries after the 1973 oil shock 1978Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: Liberalization Attempts and Consequences 1992The Limits of Trade Policy Reform in Developing Countries

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2019An Empirical study on the determinants of trade openness in the African economies

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