Reverse Inference in Neuropsychology

Abstract

Reverse inference in cognitive neuropsychology has been characterized as inference to ‘psychological processes’ from ‘patterns of activation’ revealed by functional magnetic resonance or other scanning techniques. Several arguments have been provided against the possibility. Focusing on Machery’s ([2014]) presentation, we attempt to clarify the issues, rebut the impossibility arguments, and propose and illustrate a strategy for reverse inference. 1. The Problem of Reverse Inference in Cognitive Neuropsychology2. The Arguments2.1. The anti-Bayesian argument3. Patterns of Activation4. Reverse Inference Practiced5. Seek and Ye Shall Find, Maybe6. Conclusion

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