BOROBUDUR, INDONESIAN CULTURAL HERITAGE

Abstract

Borobudur was constructed around 800 a.d. and abandoned in the 10th century. The history of its rediscovery in the early 19th century and subsequent restoration are discussed. An outline is given of various factors leading to the present preservation programme. The structure of the monument is described. Borobudur recalls the most elementary form of a stupa but is also a replica of the universe in Buddhist cosmology.The monument measuring 123 meters at its base is c. 31 meters high and has 504 statues and eleven series of bas-reliefs consisting of 1460 scenes; the total length of the sculptured surface is c. 3 km. The foot of the monument with the lowest series of reliefs was hidden by the ancient builders by a stone encasement. The significance and function of Borobudur are discussed from an historical point of view.

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