Small‐area XPS and XAES study of the iron ore smelting process

Abstract

Abstract The iron ore deposit of Kerry (north‐western Syria) has been sampled; by means of the combined use of small‐area x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SA‐XPS), small‐area x‐ray induced Auger electron spectroscopy (SA‐XAES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), the smelting process of the most iron‐rich ore has been studied under a CO atmosphere up to 1570 K. Attention has been focused on the chemical aspects involvéd during the reduction of the iron ore and on the chemical composition of the non‐metallic compounds, i.e. the slags, that result from the smelting process. Furthermore, this information has been compared with that obtained from early iron metallurgy slags and artefacts found in north‐western Syria in order to locate the geographical source of the iron ore exploited during the early Iron Age in this region.

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