Article2000

Parental Style and Vulnerability to Depression

155 citations0/0 files storedThe Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease

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Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Child Abuse and Trauma

Abstract

This study considers the potential role of core beliefs (unconditional schema-level representations) in the relationship between recalled parenting in childhood and major depression in adulthood, comparing a group of depressed outpatients (N = 60) with a healthy community sample (N = 67). The depressed group were differentiated by poorer perceived parenting (low care and high overprotection) and by three unhealthy core beliefs (defectiveness/shame, self-sacrifice, and insufficient self-control). Among nonclinical participants, it appears that vulnerability to harm beliefs act as a partial mediator of the relationship between poor paternal care and the development of depressive features. In contrast, a broader set of core beliefs appears to mediate the relationship of maternal bonding and paternal overprotection with depressive symptoms among the depressed group. The findings suggest that clinical work with adults with major depression might need to take account of parental style. Where parents are reported to be uncaring or overprotective, cognitive-behavioral therapy might need to include a schema-focused component.

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References

1988Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation 1979A Parental Bonding Instrument 1978Validation of the Beck Depression Inventory in a university population using psychiatric estimate as the criterion.1995The schema questionnaire: Investigation of psychometric properties and the hierarchical structure of a measure of maladaptive schemas 1994Schema change processes in cognitive therapy 1979Parental representations and depression in normal young adults.1995Bodily shame as a mediator between abusive experiences and depression.1984Depression as measured by the DSM-III and the Beck Depression Inventory in an unselected adult population.

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2005The Relationship Between Parenting Style, Cognitive Style, and Anxiety and Depression: Does Increased Early Adversity Influence Symptom Severity Through the Mediating Role of Cognitive Style?2005Examining minor and major depression in adolescents 2009Remembered Parenting Styles and Adjustment in Middle and Late Adulthood 2009Maladaptive Schemas and Psychopathology in Adolescence: On the Utility of Young’s Schema Theory in Youth

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