College Education and the Midcentury GI Bills

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185 citations0/0 files storedThe Quarterly Journal of Economics

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Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies Higher Education Research Studies School Choice and Performance

Abstract

The midcentury GI bills were the largest direct scholarship program for higher education in American history. I use a comparison group created by the sharp cutoff date of the Korean War GI bill to evaluate the effects of the Korean War GI bill on postsecondary educational attainment and access to college by the disadvantaged. I then bound the likely effects of the World War II GI bill based on elasticities estimated for the Korean War GI bill and new estimates using older veterans as a comparison group for younger ones. I find that the combination of the Korean War and WWII GI bills probably increased total postsecondary attainment among all men born between 1921 and 1933 by about 15 to 20 percent, with smaller effects for surrounding cohorts. The impacts of both programs on college attainment were apparently concentrated among veterans from families in the upper half of the distribution of socioeconomic status.

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References

1973Higher education as a filter 1999Empirical Strategies in Labor Economics 1978Education and Self-Selection 1998Life Cycle Schooling and Dynamic Selection Bias: Models and Evidence for Five Cohorts of American Males 1979Education and Self-Selection 1998America's Graduation from High School: The Evolution and Spread of Secondary Schooling in the Twentieth Century 2002Going to War and Going to College: Did World War II and the G.I. Bill Increase Educational Attainment for Returning Veterans?1998The Shaping of Higher Education: The Formative Years in the United States, 1890 to 1940

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