The foster care crisis: What caused caseloads to grow?

Christopher A. Swann · Michelle Sheran

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Child Welfare and Adoption Family Dynamics and Relationships Social Policies and Family

Abstract

Foster care caseloads more than doubled from 1985 to 2000. This article provides the first comprehensive study of this growth by relating state-level foster care caseloads to state-specific characteristics and policies. We present evidence that increases in female incarcerations and reductions in cash welfare benefits played dominant roles in explaining the growth in foster care caseloads over this period. Our results highlight the need for child welfare policies designed specifically for the children of incarcerated parents and parents who are facing less generous welfare programs.

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References

1985Panel data from time series of cross-sections 2000Accounting for the Decline in AFDC Caseloads: Welfare Reform or the Economy?2002Work, Welfare, and Child Maltreatment 1997What Causes Public Assistance Caseloads to Grow?1997Assessing the Long Term Effects of Foster Care: A Research Synthesis 2002Welfare reforms, family resources, and child maltreatment

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2009Parental imprisonment, the prison boom, and the concentration of childhood disadvantage 2010Paternal Incarceration and Children's Physically Aggressive Behaviors: Evidence from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study 2007Punishment Beyond the Legal Offender 2010Incarceration in Fragile Families 2011Mass Imprisonment and Inequality in Health and Family Life 2017Parental Incarceration and Child Health in the United States 2013Parental Incarceration, Child Homelessness, and the Invisible Consequences of Mass Imprisonment 2014

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