Poverty, Gender, and Primary School Enrolment in Pakistan

G. M. Arif · Najam Us Saqib · Ghulam Mustafa Zahid

31 citations0/0 files storedThe Pakistan Development Review

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Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare School Choice and Performance Gender, Education, and Development Issues

Abstract

Primary education is at the base of the pyramid of education, and is regarded as a fundamental human right today. In addition, it has several tangible social and economic effects. As an essential component of human capital, primary education plays an important role in the economic growth and development of a country.1 Its impact on several other socioeconomic variables has also been documented in the literature. To quote a few examples, Butt (1984) has found that five or more years of a farmer’s education lead to increased farm productivity, reduced use of farm labour, and increased use of yield augmenting inputs. Azhar (1988) also reports a significant relationship between the number of years of schooling and increase in farm output due to increased technical efficiency. Studies of the rates of returns to education attribute a positive value to the rate of returns to primary education.2 This means that by acquiring primary education one can increase one’s earnings.

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References

1985Returns to Education: A Further International Update and Implications 1983The flypaper effect and other anomalies 1996Decomposing the Gender Gap in Cognitive Skills in a Poor Rural Economy 1982The impact of primary schooling on economic development: a review of the evidence 1994Who Gets Primary Schooling in Pakistan: Inequalities among and within Families 1995Determinants of child school enrolment: evidence from LDCs using choice‐theoretic approach 1991Parental Characteristics, Supply of Schools, and Child School-enrolment in Pakistan

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2022Women’s participation in household decisions and gender equality in children’s education: Evidence from rural households in Pakistan 2000Recent Rise in Poverty and Its Implications for Poor Households in Pakistan 2015Education and poverty correlates: A case of Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

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