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“Was It Something I Said?” “No, It Was Something You Posted!” A Study of the Spiral of Silence Theory in Social Media Contexts

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References

1974The Spiral of Silence a Theory of Public Opinion2,347 cited
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2010The Sage handbook of media processes and effects779 cited
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1997Perceived Support for One's Opinions and Willingness to Speak Out: A Meta-Analysis of Survey Studies on the "Spiral of Silence"317 cited
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1977Turbulences in the Climate of Opinion: Methodological Applications of the Spiral of Silence Theory285 cited
2001The Spiral of Silence and Public Opinion on Affirmative Action205 cited
2007Exploring the Forms of Self-Censorship: On the Spiral of Silence and the Use of Opinion Expression Avoidance Strategies190 cited
2011Selective Posting: Willingness to post a message online176 cited

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2016Under Surveillance184 cited
2020Retooling Politics164 cited
2018Shared identity and shared information in social media: development and validation of the identity bubble reinforcement scale138 cited
2018Spiral of silence on social media and the moderating role of disagreement and publicness in the network: Analyzing expressive and withdrawal behaviors

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122 cited

2015Same Spiral, Different Day? Testing the Spiral of Silence Across Issue Types106 cited

2016What Do We Fear? Expected Sanctions for Expressing Minority Opinions in Offline and Online Communication94 cited

2019Expressing and Challenging Racist Discourse on Facebook: How Social Media Weaken the “Spiral of Silence” Theory87 cited

2018Fear of Isolation and Perceived Affordances: The Spiral of Silence on Social Networking Sites Regarding Police Discrimination75 cited

2017Reluctance to Talk About Politics in Face-to-Face and Facebook Settings: Examining the Impact of Fear of Isolation, Willingness to Self-Censor, and Peer Network Characteristics67 cited

2017From Online Disagreement to Offline Action: How Diverse Motivations for Using Social Media Can Increase Political Information Sharing and Catalyze Offline Political Participation66 cited

2016Cross-cutting exposure on social networking sites: The effects of SNS discussion disagreement on political participation56 cited

2023Cultivation and social media: A meta-analysis54 cited

2018Social Media Is Polarized, Social Media Is Polarized51 cited

2018A social safety net? Rejection sensitivity and political opinion sharing among young people in social media48 cited

2020Retooling Politics: How Digital Media Are Shaping Democracy47 cited

2023Too scared to share? Fear of social sanctions for political expression on social media44 cited