Making a link between childhood physical abuse and cancer

Esme Fuller‐Thomson · Sarah Brennenstuhl

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Child Abuse and Trauma Intimate Partner and Family Violence Child Abuse and Related Trauma

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Abuse in childhood is associated with many negative adult health outcomes. Only 1 study to date has found an association between childhood abuse and cancer. By using a regionally representative community sample, this preliminary study sought to investigate the association between childhood physical abuse and cancer while controlling for 3 clusters of risk factors: childhood stressors, adult health behaviors, and adult socioeconomic status. METHODS: Regional data from the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan were selected from the 2005 Canadian Community Health Survey. Of the 13,092 respondents, 7.4% (n = 1025) reported that they had been physically abused as a child by someone close to them, and 5.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.9-6.6) reported that they had been diagnosed with cancer by a health professional. The regional level response rate was 84%. RESULTS: Childhood physical abuse was associated with 49% higher odds (95% CI, 1.10-2.01) of cancer when adjusting for age, sex, and race only. The odds ratio decreased only slightly to 47% higher odds (95% CI, 1.05-1.99) when the model was adjusted for all 3 clusters of risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: A significant and highly stable association between childhood physical abuse and cancer was found even when adjusting for 3 clusters of risk factors. Further research focusing on the potential mechanisms linking childhood abuse and cancer is needed.

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References

1998Relationship of Childhood Abuse and Household Dysfunction to Many of the Leading Causes of Death in Adults 2005The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood 2004The interrelatedness of multiple forms of childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction 2003The impact of adverse childhood experiences on health problems: evidence from four birth cohorts dating back to 1900 1996The long-term impact of the physical, emotional, and sexual abuse of children: A community study 2004Insights Into Causal Pathways for Ischemic Heart Disease 2007Long-term physical and mental health consequences of childhood physical abuse: Results from a large population-based sample of men and women 2006Disease and Disadvantage in the United States and in England

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2012Does Childhood Misfortune Increase Cancer Risk in Adulthood?2012The embodiment of adverse childhood experiences and cancer development: potential biological mechanisms and pathways across the life course 2010The association between childhood physical abuse and heart disease in adulthood: Findings from a representative community sample 2018Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Presence of Cancer Risk Factors in Adulthood: A Scoping Review of the Literature From 2005 to 2015

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