Article2012

Eye of the beholder: Effects of perspective and sexual objectification on harassment judgments.

Richard L. Wiener · Sarah J. Gervais · Jill M. Allen · Allissa Marquez

35 citations0/0 files storedPsychology Public Policy and Law

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Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies Social and Intergroup Psychology Discrimination and Equality Law

Abstract

Social Analytic Jurisprudence instructs researchers to study the reciprocal relations between law and peoples’ lives by developing empirical descriptions of legal assumptions about human behavior. The present work introduced a new experimental paradigm to test some of those assumptions by studying the impact of sexual objectification in a simulated job interview on performance, sexual harassment judgments, and emotions for women who experienced (akin to complainants), observed (akin to coworkers or witnesses), or predicted (akin to investigators, EEOC officers, mediators, jurors, or judges,) the impact of sexual objectification. Consistent with hypotheses, sexual objectification resulted in worse performance predictions, more sexual harassment, and more negative emotion compared with the control condition, but these effects were moderated by perspective. Overall, predictors estimated worse performance, more sexual harassment, and more negative emotion in response to sexual objectification than observers and experiencers. Anticipated negative emotion and self-referencing explained the effects for predictors. Theoretical and practical implications for legal and psychological theory on sexual harassment, objectification, and affective forecasting are discussed.

Citations in this library

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References

1988Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.1997Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women's Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks 1996The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: Differentiating hostile and benevolent sexism.1994The PANAS-X: Manual for the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule - Expanded Form 1996Development and validation of the State Hope Scale.1990Femininity and Domination: Studies in the Phenomenology of Oppression 1992The altruism question: toward a social-psychological answer 2001An ambivalent alliance: Hostile and benevolent sexism as complementary justifications for gender inequality.

Cited by

2018Stranger Harassment (“Piropo”) and Women’s Self-Objectification: The Role of Anger, Happiness, and Empowerment 2017The Effects of Exposure to Catcalling on Women’s State Self-Objectification and Body Image 2016Do You See What I See? The Consequences of Objectification in Work Settings for Experiencers and Third Party Predictors

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