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Relationship between two anxiety instruments in patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support

79 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Advanced Nursing

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Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders Health Education and Validation

Abstract

AIMS: The primary aim of this paper is to discuss the relationship between the Visual Analog Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A) and the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) in patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support. A secondary aim is to provide suggestions for the nurse-researcher to consider when selecting an instrument to measure anxiety. BACKGROUND: Anxiety is a common experience for critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support. It is a challenge, however, for nurse-researcher to select an instrument to measure anxiety that is valid and reliable yet does not cause great response burden for participants. Visual analog scales may reduce response burden, but lack sound validation in research participants receiving mechanical ventilatory support. METHODS: This study used a correlational design. A convenience sample of critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support (n = 200) were asked to rate their current level of anxiety on the 20-item Spielberger SAI and a 100-mm VAS-A. RESULTS: Eight participants were unable to complete the Spielberger SAI; 100% completed the VAS-A. The two instruments were found to be significantly correlated at r = 0.50; P = 0.01. CONCLUSION: The VAS-A was found to be less burdensome for research participants than the Spielberger SAI, resulting in no missing data on the VAS-A. Findings from this study provide initial validation of the VAS-A as a justifiable instrument to measure anxiety in patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support. Researchers are advised to balance reliability and validity properties with response burden when selecting an instrument to measure anxiety in patients with communication challenges and energy limitations.

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References

1979Reliability and Validity Assessment 1990A critical review of visual analogue scales in the measurement of clinical phenomena 2010Health Measurement Scales--A Practical Guide to Their Development and Use 1989Visual analogue scales: measurement of subjective phenomena.1989Visual Analogue Scales 1998Effectiveness of a music therapy intervention on relaxation and anxiety for patients receiving ventilatory assistance 2001Effects of music therapy on anxiety in ventilator-dependent patients 2003Development and testing of a Faces Scale for the assessment of anxiety in critically ill patients

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