A multi-scale data structure for cartographic objects

Sabine Timpf · Andrew U. Frank

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Geographic Information Systems Studies Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques Data Management and Algorithms

Abstract

Geographic Information Systems manage data with respect to spatial location and that data is presented graphically as a map or sketch. Typically GIS tasks require graphical presentations at different levels of detail, ranging from overview scenes to detailed views. This is a general problem of visualization of information. Map generalization would solve this problem and efforts to achieve automated cartographic generalization were successful for specific aspects, but no complete solution is known. In this paper we propose to store renderings of objects at different levels of detail in a database, which can then be used to compose a map. This is a trade-off between storage and computation. 1. WHY A MULTI-SCALE DATA STRUCTURE FOR CARTOGRAPHIC OBJECTS Graphical sketches have become increasingly important as ad-hoc means of visual output from Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The requirements for these graphics are low in cartographic terms, namely fast visualization and presentation...

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References

1966The Principles of Selection 1977The Nature of Maps: Essays toward Understanding Maps and Mapping 1994Multiple representations for cartographic objects in a multi-scale tree—An intelligent graphical zoom 1987A draft proposed standard for digital cartographic data 1985Characteristic Traits of the Semiotic System 'Map Symbolism'1995A multi-scale DAG for cartographic objects 1991Mapping as Language or Semiotic System: Review and Comment 1995Formalization of conceptual models for GIS using Gofer

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