Articlehybrid2000

THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CROSS-NATIONAL PRESENTATION OF OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER

171 citations0/0 files storedPsychiatric Clinics of North America

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Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Abstract

One of the challenges facing modern psychiatry is to determine to what extent the diagnostic categories clinicians have represent valid constructs. Epidemiologic studies are helpful in this regard when their findings are consistent across various cultural or geographic settings or with those of clinical studies. The cross-national epidemiologic data on OCD reviewed in this article are remarkable for their consistency in rates, age at onset, and comorbidity across diverse countries, a fact which lends additional support to the validity of the diagnosis of OCD. The variability in symptom presentation across national sites suggests that cultural factors may affect the symptom expression; however, why the rates of OCD and other psychiatric disorders are so much lower in Taiwan than in other sites, including another Asian site, is unclear. Epidemiologic studies of adolescents and of adults have shown similar prevalence of OCD and substantial comorbidity with major depression and other anxiety disorders. Studies of adolescent populations indicate that OCD symptoms are fairly common among adolescents but not necessarily predictive of developing the full disorder within 1 year of follow-up. Family studies have suggested an association between OCD and TS and other CMT disorders. Clinical studies have suggested an association between Sydenham's chorea and OCD. These various studies provide a growing body of knowledge regarding the nature of OCD. Together with evidence of the substantial demand on mental health services by those afflicted with OCD, the epidemiologic data make a compelling case for additional efforts to improve the understanding and treatment of this troubling disorder.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1981National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule 2024Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1991Psychiatric disorders in America: the epidemiologic catchment area study 1998Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections: Clinical Description of the First 50 Cases 1988The Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Five US Communities 1992The Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder 1994The Cross National Epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder

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2014Resting-state functional connectivity abnormalities in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder and their healthy first-degree relatives 2004Trans-cultural aspects of obsessive–compulsive disorder: a description of a Brazilian sample and a systematic review of international clinical studies 2007Escitalopram in obsessive–compulsive disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled, paroxetine-referenced, fixed-dose, 24-week study 2009PRELIMINARY STUDY IN PATIENTS WITH OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER TREATED WITH ELECTRICAL STIMULATION IN THE INFERIOR THALAMIC PEDUNCLE

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