The Social System in Outdoor Adventure Education Programs

Jim Sibthorp · Jeremy M Jostad

53 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Experiential Education

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Outdoor and Experiential Education Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management Youth Development and Social Support

Abstract

Many components of the social system interact with one another to produce group-level behavior that determines the functionality of the small group in outdoor adventure education (OAE). This article synthesizes the contemporary literature and theory regarding eight aspects of the OAE social system: (a) Macro Contextual Factors, (b) Student Factors, (c) Instructor Factors, (d) Goals, (e) Group Factors, (f) Group Outcomes, (g) Group Dependent Individual Outcomes, and (h) Time. Directions for future research and implications for OAE are discussed.

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1999Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control 1997Self-efficacy: the exercise of control 1969The Handbook of Social Psychology 2002Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey.1988TIME AN TRANSITION IN WORK TEAMS: TOWARD A NEW MODEL OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT.2012Thinking in Systems 2002Building a Practically Useful Theory of Goal Setting and Task Motivation 1997Adventure Education and Outward Bound: Out-of-Class Experiences That Make a Lasting Difference

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