The Roles of Working Memory Updating and Processing Speed in Mediating Age-related Differences in Fluid Intelligence

Tianyong Chen · Deming Li

90 citations0/0 files storedAging Neuropsychology and Cognition

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Cognitive Abilities and Testing Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies Aging and Gerontology Research

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the relative roles of working memory updating (updating) and processing speed in mediating age-related differences in fluid intelligence. A sample of 142 normal adults between 18 and 85 years of age performed a set of updating, processing speed, and fluid intelligence tasks. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the proportion of unique age-related variance in updating measures was related to the complexity of speed measures. There was a larger proportion of unique age-related variance in updating measures after controlling for the variance in simpler speed measures. Moreover, structural equation modeling showed that updating mediated almost all the age-related effects on fluid intelligence. These results suggest that updating, but not speed, is the critical mediator between age and fluid intelligence. In addition, the speed mediation of age-related differences in fluid intelligence as indicated by previous studies is at least partially derived from the executive component of speed measures.

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1996The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition.1999Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: A latent-variable approach.1996An application of prefrontal cortex function theory to cognitive aging.2001The handbook of aging and cognition 1990Reasoning ability is (little more than) working-memory capacity?!1991Decomposing adult age differences in working memory.2006Not All Executive Functions Are Related to Intelligence 2000Aging and measures of processing speed

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