Experiences of Stigma Among Outpatients With Schizophrenia

Faith Dickerson · Andrea E. Origoni · Norman Ringel · Frederick J. Parente

378 citations0/0 files storedSchizophrenia Bulletin

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Mental Health Treatment and Access Schizophrenia research and treatment Mental Health and Psychiatry

Abstract

Many individuals with schizophrenia are devalued and discriminated against because of their mental illness. There has been only limited study of how individuals with schizophrenia experience mental illness stigma. We evaluated 74 stable outpatients with schizophrenia receiving community care. Study participants were interviewed with the Consumer Experiences of Stigma Questionnaire (CESQ), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and several social functioning measures. On the CESQ, all but one respondent indicated having at least one stigma experience. The most frequently reported CESQ items were respondents' worry about being viewed unfavorably because of their psychiatric illness (70%) and avoidance of telling others about it (58%). Many respondents also indicated having heard offensive statements (55%) and media accounts (43%) about persons with psychiatric disorders. Socioeconomic variables, but not symptoms or social functioning measures, were related to the extent of stigma and discrimination experiences. These results document the extent to which persons with mental illness experience negative reactions from others. Strategies are needed to enhance how persons with schizophrenia cope with stigma.

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References

1969Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity 1999Public conceptions of mental illness: labels, causes, dangerousness, and social distance.1989A Modified Labeling Theory Approach to Mental Disorders: An Empirical Assessment 1987Understanding Labeling Effects in the Area of Mental Disorders: An Assessment of the Effects of Expectations of Rejection 1997On Stigma and Its Consequences: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study of Men with Dual Diagnoses of Mental Illness and Substance Abuse 1999Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma.1988A quality of life interview for the chronically mentally ill 1999Mental Health Consumers' Experience of Stigma

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2013Personal stigma in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review of prevalence rates, correlates, impact and interventions 2008Mental Disorders Stigma in the Media: Review of Studies on Production, Content, and Influences 2012Labeling and Stigma 2006Do mental health professionals stigmatize their patients?2013A Model of Internalized Stigma and Its Effects on People With Mental Illness

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