Article2005

Validating a Distinction Between Primary and Secondary Psychopathy With Measures of Gray's BIS and BAS Constructs.

Joseph P. Newman · Donal G. MacCoon · Leah J. Vaughn · Naomi Sadeh

316 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Abnormal Psychology

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Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending Personality Traits and Psychology Psychological Testing and Assessment

Abstract

Investigators commonly distinguish between primary and secondary psychopathy (H. Cleckley, 1976; D.T. Lykken, 1995), though there is a lack of consensus regarding the best means to achieve this distinction. To address the validity of using R. D. Hare's (2003) Psychopathy Checklist and the G. Welsh (1956) Anxiety Scale for this purpose, the authors used 2 measures of J. A. Gray's (1987) behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system (BIS/BAS). Following D. T. Lykken (1995) and D. C. Fowles (1980), the authors hypothesized that primary psychopathy would be associated with a weak BIS and a normal BAS, whereas secondary psychopathy would be associated with a strong BAS and a normal BIS. Results for primary psychopathy were as predicted. Results for secondary psychopathy clearly supported the strong BAS prediction but provided mixed support for the normal BIS prediction.

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References

1994Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS/BAS Scales.1984Negative affectivity: The disposition to experience aversive emotional states.1988The psychology of fear and stress 1953A personality scale of manifest anxiety.1951The Mask of Sanity 1980Criminal Justice and Behavior 2012Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised 2001The Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ) as a measure of Gray's anxiety and impulsivity dimensions

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