Base Rates of Negative Response Bias and Malingered Neurocognitive Dysfunction among Criminal Defendants Referred for Neuropsychological Evaluation

Barry R. Ardolf · Robert L. Denney · Christi M. Houston

164 citations0/0 files storedThe Clinical Neuropsychologist

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Deception detection and forensic psychology Psychological Testing and Assessment Historical and Modern Theater Studies

Abstract

Several studies reveal the prevalence of negative response bias (NRB) in civil forensic settings, but little NRB base rate information is available for criminal forensic neuropsychological settings. We reviewed the published literature on neuropsychological NRB in the civil setting. We then present data from 105 criminal defendants serially referred for neuropsychological assessment to determine the prevalence of NRB. The rate of NRB using one positive indicator was 89.5%. The rate was 70.5% when using two or more positive indicators and 53.3% for three or more indicators. Based on the Slick, Sherman, and Iverson (1999 Slick , D. J. , Sherman , E. M. S. , & Iverson , G. L. ( 1999 ). Diagnostic criteria for malingered neurocognitive dysfunction: Proposed standards for clinical practice and research . Clinical Neuropsychologist , 13 ( 4 ), 545 – 561 .[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) classification for malingered neurocognitive dysfunction (MND), 19% were Valid, 26.7% were Possible MND, 32.4% were Probable MND, and 21.9% were Definite MND. The combined rate of probable and definite MND was 54.3%. Results suggest rates of neuropsychological NRB and malingering in criminal forensic settings are higher than in civil forensic settings.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1999Diagnostic Criteria for Malingered Neurocognitive Dysfunction: Proposed Standards for Clinical Practice and Research 1997Clinical Assessment of Malingering and Deception 1994Validation of malingered amnesia measures with a large clinical sample.1994Validation of malingered amnesia measures with a large clinical sample.2001ADVANCES IN NEUROPSYCHIATRY: Neuropsychiatry of frontal lobe dysfunction in violent and criminal behaviour: a critical review 2003Detection of Malingering Using Atypical Performance Patterns on Standard Neuropsychological Tests 1978Prospects for faking believable deficits on neuropsychological testing.

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