Measuring Male Body Image: A Review of the Current Methodology.

Guy Cafri · Joel Kevin Thompson

335 citations0/0 files storedPsychology of Men & Masculinity

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Eating Disorders and Behaviors Gender Roles and Identity Studies Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies

Abstract

Much body image research has been directed toward the study of males (H. G. Pope, K. A. Phillips, & R. Olivardia, 2000). However, little attention has been devoted to consideration of which methods yield the most accurate measurement of this population. Based on numerous social psychological studies indicating the salience of a muscular appearance (e.g., H. G. Pope, R. Olivardia, A. Gruber, & J. Borowiecki, 1999), 3 guidelines were derived for assessing male body image. Existing methods of male body image assessment were evaluated based on their adherence to these guidelines and avoidance of methodological shortcomings. The most effective measures of male body image were the Drive for Muscularity Scale (D. R. McCreary & D. K. Sasse, 2000), somatomorphic matrix (A. J. Gruber, H. G. Pope, J. Borowiecki, & G. Cohane, 1999), and a modification to the somatomorphic matrix introduced here.

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References

1983Development and validation of a multidimensional eating disorder inventory for anorexia nervosa and bulimia 1999Exacting beauty: Theory, assessment, and treatment of body image disturbance.2000An Exploration of the Drive for Muscularity in Adolescent Boys and Girls 1953The appraisal of body-cathexis: body-cathexis and the self.1984The Body Esteem Scale: Multidimensional Structure and Sex Differences in a College Population 1985Sex differences in perceptions of desirable body shape.1997Muscle Dysmorphia: An Underrecognized Form of Body Dysmorphic Disorder 1990Attitudinal Body-Image Assessment: Factor Analysis of the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire

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2016Is body dissatisfaction changing across time? A cross-temporal meta-analysis.2007The muscular ideal: Psychological, social, and medical perspectives.2007The role of ethnicity and culture in body image and disordered eating among males 2007The UCLA Body Project I: Gender and Ethnic Differences in Self-Objectification and Body Satisfaction Among 2,206 Undergraduates 2005

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