CHAINED CONCURRENT SCHEDULES: REINFORCEMENT AS SITUATION TRANSITION1

William M. Baum

52 citations0/0 files storedJournal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior

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Behavioral and Psychological Studies Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Abstract

Pigeons' pecks at two white response keys (initial-link situation) occasionally turned both keys red (terminal-link situation). When the two keys were red, pecks occasionally produced food, after which the keys were again white. In both situations, a changeover delay prevented the response-produced outcome from immediately following a change of responding from either key to the other. In the initial-link situation, the ratio of pecks at the keys closely paralleled the ratio of transitions into the terminal-link situation produced by the pecks, conforming to the well-known matching relation. In the terminal-link situation, the peck ratios deviated from the matching relation toward indifference. Overall response rate and rate of changeover were generally higher in the terminal-link situation than in the initial-link situation. The finding of matching in the initial-link situation supports a definition of reinforcement as situation transition. The differences in performance between the two situations, viewed in the light of other recent findings, suggest that the effects of a changeover delay depend on the overall reinforcing value of the choice alternatives.

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References

1957Schedules of reinforcement.1966Operant Behavior: Areas of Research and Application,1970ON THE LAW OF EFFECT 1 1961RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE STRENGTH OF RESPONSE AS A FUNCTION OF FREQUENCY OF REINFORCEMENT 1, 2 1969CHOICE AS TIME ALLOCATION 1 1973THE CORRELATION‐BASED LAW OF EFFECT1 1969CHOICE AND RATE OF REINFORCEMENT1,2 1969CONCURRENT RESPONDING WITH FIXED RELATIVE RATE OF REINFORCEMENT1

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