Self-report Measure of Psychological Abuse of Older Adults

Kendon J. Conrad · M. Iris · John W. Ridings · K. Langley · Georgia J. Anetzberger

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Elder Abuse and Neglect Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Child Abuse and Trauma

Abstract

PURPOSE: This study tested key psychometric properties of the Older Adult Psychological Abuse Measure (OAPAM), one self-report scale of the Older Adult Mistreatment Assessment (OAMA). DESIGN AND METHODS: Items and theory were developed in a prior concept mapping study. Subsequently, the measures were administered to 226 substantiated clients by 22 elder abuse staff from 7 agencies in a full-scale field test. The resulting database was used to estimate the psychometric properties of the OAPAM using the Rasch item response theory model and traditional validation techniques. Analyses included tests for dimensionality, model fit, and theoretical construct validation. Results from the OAPAM client report were validated against the adult protective services substantiation decision of abuse and the elder abuse staff assessment of psychological abuse (PA). RESULTS: The client self-report measures met stringent Rasch analysis fit and unidimensionality criteria and had high person (internal consistency) and item reliability. The validity results supported the usefulness of the client measures and led to reconsideration of aspects of the hypothesized theoretical hierarchy. A short form was developed. Cut-points were proposed to distinguish levels of PA. IMPLICATIONS: The measure is now available to aid in the assessment of PA of older adults by both clinicians and researchers. Theoretical refinements developed using the Rasch item hierarchy may help to improve assessment and intervention.

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References

1992A power primer.1961Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests 2003Applying the Rasch Model: Fundamental Measurement in the Human Sciences 2000Item response theory for psychologists 1989An introduction to concept mapping for planning and evaluation 2009Prevalence and Correlates of Emotional, Physical, Sexual, and Financial Abuse and Potential Neglect in the United States: The National Elder Mistreatment Study 2002Optimizing rating scale category effectiveness.2004Constructing Measures : An Item Response Modeling Approach

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2016The use of concept mapping in measurement development and evaluation: Application and future directions 2016Group concept mapping methodology: toward an epistemology of group conceptualization, complexity, and emergence 2013Informing Evidence-Based Practice: A Review of Research Analyzing Adult Protective Services Data 2016Elder Abuse Severity: A Critical but Understudied Dimension of Victimization for Clinicians and Researchers 2016Examining the Role of Substance Abuse in Elder Mistreatment: Results From Mistreatment Investigations

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