Assessment of intrusive cognition in PTSD: Use of the modified Stroop paradigm

Richard J. McNally · George E. English · Howard J. Lipke

137 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Traumatic Stress

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Memory Processes and Influences Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Abstract

Abstract In this article, we review research supporting the modified Stroop color‐naming paradigm as a means for assessing intrusive cognition in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Because Stroop interference reflects involuntary semantic activation, delayed color‐naming of trauma‐related words can provide an objective index of intrusive cognition that is not based on self‐report. In a replication and extension of previous research, we found that Vietnam combat veterans with PTSD exhibited Stroop interference for trauma‐related words but not for other threat words, positive words, or neutral words. Also, we provide reliability and validity data on the paradigm.

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References

1979Impact of Event Scale: A Measure of Subjective Stress 1990Trauma and the Vietnam War generation: report of findings from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study 1988Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Three studies in reliability and validity.1988Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised 1985Selective processing of threat cues in anxiety states 1989Clinical evaluation of a measure to assess combat exposure.1991Processing of threat-related information in rape victims.1990Selective processing of threat cues in posttraumatic stress disorder.

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2011The emotional Stroop task and posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis 1995Selective processing of trauma-relevant words in posttraumatic stress disorder 2008Neural correlates of the individual emotional Stroop in borderline personality disorder 2006The Relationship Between Cognitive and Brain Changes in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 2000Interpersonal hostility and violence in vietnam combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder

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