Articlebronze2001

Self-exposure therapy for panic disorder with agoraphobia

Ligia M. Ito · Vera Lucia C Tess · Tito Paes de Barros Neto · Fernando Ramos Asbahr · I. M. Marks

55 citations0/0 files storedThe British Journal of Psychiatry

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Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications Psychological Treatments and Assessments

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Exposure to external phobic cues is an effective therapy for panic/agoraphobia but the value of exposure to interoceptive cues is unclear. AIMS: Randomised controlled comparison in panic/agoraphobia of the effects of (a) external, (b) interceptive or (c) combined external and interoceptive self-exposure to (d) control subjects. METHOD: Eighty out-patients were randomised to a control group or to one of three forms of self-exposure treatment (external, interoceptive, or combined). Each treatment included seven sessions over 10 weeks and daily self-exposure homework. Assessments were at pre- and post-treatment and up to 1 year post-entry. Assessors remained blind during treatment. RESULTS: The three self-exposure groups improved significantly and similarly at post-treatment and up to 1-year followup, and significantly more than did the control subjects. Rates of improvement on main outcome measures averaged 60% at post-treatment and 77% at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The three methods of self-exposure were equally effective in reducing panic and agoraphobic symptoms in the short- and long-term.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1959THE ASSESSMENT OF ANXIETY STATES BY RATING 1976ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology 1979Brief standard self-rating for phobic patients 1984Assessment of fear of fear in agoraphobics: The Body Sensations Questionnaire and the Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire.1974Short Form of Depression Inventory: Cross-Validation 1994A Comparison of Cognitive Therapy, Applied Relaxation and Imipramine in the Treatment of Panic Disorder 1993Alprazolam and Exposure Alone and Combined in Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia

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2021Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

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