Alcohol and intimate partner violence: do we have enough information to act?

Diana Gil‐González · Carmen Vives‐Cases · Carlos Álvarez‐Dardet · Jaime Latour-Pérez

98 citations0/0 files storedEuropean Journal of Public Health

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Male alcohol consumption is one of the accepted risk factors for intimate partner violence. The aim of this study is to assess the magnitude of the association between male alcohol consumption and intimate partner violence against women and the quality of the evidence of published papers exploring this relationship empirically. METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative studies (1966-2004). Eight databases from Social and Behavioural Sciences, Clinical Medicine, and Life Sciences were reviewed. Studies with available 2 x 2 table or odds ratio were analysed using meta-analytic techniques. RESULTS: A total of 22 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the systematic review: 14 (63.6%) were cross-sectional studies, 6 (27.3%) case-series, 2 (9.1%) case-control studies. Ten studies analysed the relationship between alcohol and violence as their primary hypothesis and only two used a direct measure of alcohol consumption. Of them, 11 papers were included in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled odds ratio was 4.57 (95% confidence limits 3.30-6.35), but a high degree of heterogeneity was observed. The magnitude of the effect was inversely associated with the year of publication. The biggest odds ratios were obtained in the studies with the smallest sample sizes. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence about the relationship between alcohol consumption and intimate partner violence is of low quality in the study designs and maybe biased by publication of positive results. Currently there is not enough empirical evidence to support preventive policies based on male alcohol consumption as a risk factor in the particular case of intimate partner violence.

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References

1998Violence Against Women 1990The Existence of Publication Bias and Risk Factors for Its Occurrence 2002Risk factors for domestic violence: findings from a South African cross-sectional study 2000Frequency and correlates of intimate partner violence by type: physical, sexual, and psychological battering 2005Current Controversies on Family Violence 1997Gender, Status, and Domestic Violence: An Integration of Feminist and Family Violence Approaches 1999Risk Factors for Injury to Women from Domestic Violence 1993Publication Bias: The Problem That Won't Go Away

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2014Working with Men and Boys to Prevent Gender-based Violence 2009Men, HIV/AIDS, and Human Rights 2007Methodological issues in the study of violence against women 2018Violence Against Women in Turkey: A Social Ecological Framework of Determinants and Prevention Strategies 2013Intimate partner violence: A narrative review of the biological and psychological explanations for its causation

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