RACE, DISEASE, AND THE PROVISION OF WATER IN AMERICAN CITIES, 1889–1921

Werner Troesken

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Water Governance and Infrastructure Historical Economic and Social Studies Water management and technologies

Abstract

This article tests the claim that public water companies provided black communities with better service than did private water companies. It draws from three sources: typhoid fever rates in 1911 and 1921, waterborne disease rates in 14 North Carolina towns between 1889 and 1908, and investment patterns in cities with public and private water companies. A study of New Orleans, which municipalized its water system in 1908, complements the evidence that public ownership reduced white disease rates only slightly, but reduced black disease rates sharply. These surprising results have implications for contemporary policy debates and for understanding American history.

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1995Stature and the Standard of Living 1944Vital Statistics Rates in the United States: 1900-1940.1984Nutrition and the Decline in Mortality Since 1700: Some Preliminary Findings 1971Pricing in Public and Private Enterprises: Electric Utilities in the United States 1994Bureaucracy, Infrastructure, and Economic Growth: Evidence from U.S. Cities During the Progressive Era 1992Soft coal, hard choices: the economic welfare of bituminous coal miners, 1890-1930

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