Degradation of polyethylene glycol and hemicellulose in the Vasa

Gunnar Almkvist · Ingmar Persson

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Conservation Techniques and Studies Wood Treatment and Properties Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis

Abstract

Abstract Mass spectrometric analysis of aqueous wood extracts from the Swedish warship Vasa reveals a serious chemical condition in the depth of the wood. The surface is less affected. Polyethylene glycol, used as conservation agent, is affected and partly degraded, and low-molecular fragments from hemicellulose are found at sites with high iron content and low pH. These findings imply a catalytic oxidative process and acidic hydrolysis in the wood, which contributes to a new picture of the challenge of long-term preservation of the Vasa.

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References

2002Deterioration of the seventeenth-century warship Vasa by internal formation of sulphuric acid

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2012Sulfur and iron analyses of marine archaeological wood in shipwrecks from the Baltic Sea and Scandinavian waters 2015Archaeological wood degradation at the site of Biskupin (Poland): Wet chemical analysis and evaluation of specific Py-GC/MS profiles 2014Multifunctional supramolecular polymer networks as next-generation consolidants for archaeological wood conservation 2020Organosilicons of different molecular size and chemical structure as consolidants for waterlogged archaeological wood – a new reversible and retreatable method 2014Sulfur and iron accumulation in three marine-archaeological shipwrecks in the Baltic Sea: The Ghost, the Crown and the Sword 2008Analysis of acids and degradation products related to iron and sulfur in the Swedish warship Vasa 2013Study of Fe(II) sulphides in waterlogged archaeological wood 2017New insights into the degradation processes and influence of the conservation treatment in alum-treated wood from the Oseberg collection

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