Lexical specification of tone in North Germanic

Allison Wetterlin · Elisabet Jönsson-Steiner

89 citations0/0 files storedNordic Journal of Linguistics

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Phonetics and Phonology Research Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation Linguistics and language evolution

Abstract

Accent 1 is very much accepted in the literature as the default tonal marker in Scandinavian languages. Consequently, stems and affixes are almost always specified for accent 2. Only rarely in some analyses is accent 1 specified for affixes, but never for stems. We believe that under these conditions, the resulting morphology/phonology interaction is rather complex, having to include special rules of accent marking, floating tones, deaccenting together with inexplicable exceptions. In our analysis of the tonal systems of Swedish and Norwegian, accent 1 is the lexically specified accent and accent 2 is postlexically assigned. Words and affixes may be lexically specified for accent 1, which inevitably dominates. Consequently, if a morphologically complex word includes a lexically specified affix or stem, the entire word will bear accent 1, giving us patterns of alternations like beskriva1, skriva2. This analysis enables us to account for all the facts almost exceptionlessly, with no special tonal rules, constraints or templates.

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References

1977Swedish word accents in sentence perspective 1973Speech sounds and features 2000The Phonology of Norwegian 2000Word prosodic systems in the languages of Europe . Ed. by Harry van der Hulst. (Empirical approaches to language typology. Eurotyp, Band 20–4.) Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1999. Pp. xxix, 1050.1998Towards a Scandinavian accent typology 1998The Origin of Scandinavian Tone Accents 2003Diachrony of the Scandinavian accent typology

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