Working Memory in Children With Developmental Disorders

Tracy Packiam Alloway · Gnanathusharan Rajendran · Lisa M. D. Archibald

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Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology Language Development and Disorders Cognitive Abilities and Testing

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to directly compare working memory skills across students with different developmental disorders to investigate whether the uniqueness of their diagnosis would impact memory skills. The authors report findings confirming differential memory profiles on the basis of the following developmental disorders: Specific Language Impairment, Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, and Asperger syndrome (AS). Specifically, language impairments were associated with selective deficits in verbal short-term and working memory, whereas motor impairments (DCD) were associated with selective deficits in visuospatial short-term and working memory. Children with attention problems were impaired in working memory in both verbal and visuospatial domains, whereas the children with AS had deficits in verbal short-term memory but not in any other memory component. The implications of these findings are discussed in light of support for learning.

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2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2012Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2000Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.1974Working Memory 2000The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory?2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition 2014Children with Specific Language Impairment 2004The Generality of Working Memory Capacity: A Latent-Variable Approach to Verbal and Visuospatial Memory Span and Reasoning.

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2011European Academy for Childhood Disability (EACD): Recommendations on the definition, diagnosis and intervention of developmental coordination disorder (long version)*2011Working, declarative and procedural memory in specific language impairment 2009Working Memory, but Not IQ, Predicts Subsequent Learning in Children with Learning Difficulties 2010Using Nonword Repetition Tasks for the Identification of Language Impairment in Spanish‐English‐Speaking Children: Does the Language of Assessment Matter?2013Visuospatial working memory in specific language impairment: A meta-analysis

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