Immigrants, welfare reform, and the economy

Steven J. Haider · Robert F. Schoeni · Yuhua Bao · Caroline Danielson

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Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics Migration, Refugees, and Integration Migration and Labor Dynamics

Abstract

Abstract The welfare reform bill adopted in the United States in 1996 limited the eligibility of immigrants for several government assistance programs, and early projections estimated that nearly half of the savings associated with the reforms would come from these immigrant restrictions. Several studies have found that subsequent program participation declined more for immigrants relative to natives, seemingly verifying the early projections. However, many of these restrictions were either rescinded by the federal government or superceded by state and local policies. In this paper, we first reproduce earlier findings that show the relative declines in program use among immigrants. We then show that much, but not all, of the relative decline in program use among immigrants can be explained by changing macroeconomic conditions. © 2004 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.

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References

2002Evaluating Welfare Reform in the United States 1997The New Americans: Economic, Demographic, and Fiscal Effects of Immigration.1994Measuring the Cyclicality of Real Wages: How Important is Composition Bias?2002Evaluating Welfare Reform in the United States 2003The Effects of Time Limits, the EITC, and Other Policy Changes on Welfare Use, Work, and Income among Female-Headed Families 2000What has Welfare Reform Accomplished? Impacts on Welfare Participation, Employment, Income, Poverty, and Family Structure 2001All under One Roof: Mixed-Status Families in an Era of Reform 2000Accounting for the Decline in AFDC Caseloads: Welfare Reform or the Economy?

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2008The Colors of Poverty: Why Racial and Ethnic Disparities Persist 2010Americanism in the Twenty-First Century: Public Opinion in the Age of Immigration 2009What We Know, What We Don't Know, and What We Need to Know about Welfare Reform 2011Immigrants, Welfare Reform, and the U.S. Safety Net 2009Explaining Mexican-Immigrant Welfare Behaviors: The Importance of Employment-Related Cultural Repertoires

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