Environmental variables and great ape husbandry

Abstract

The reproductive success of the great apes is a matter of considerable importance. The variables that contribute to reproductive failure are many. Environmental variables may be classified as physical or social. Historically, authorities have suggested that environments should be large, dynamic, natural, challenging, and occupied by social groups. Valid habitats contribute to the normal development of social and ultimately reproductive behaviors. Intelligence may also be affected by the nature of the environment. In encouraging naturalistic and complex habitats, it is essential that existing and future environments be evaluated and compared. If research can be focused on the applied problems of management and exhibition, more humane and stimulating environments can ultimately be created, and captive propagation may reach an optimal level.

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