Article2011

Deployment and Mental Health Diagnoses Among Children of US Army Personnel

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Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Education and Military Integration

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the risk of mental health diagnoses among children of US military personnel associated with parental deployment in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). DESIGN: Nonrandomized, retrospective cohort study (2003-2006). SETTING: Electronic medical record data for outpatient care. PARTICIPANTS: Children (N = 307 520) aged 5 to 17 years with at least 1 active-duty US Army parent. MAIN EXPOSURE: Number of months of parental deployment for OIF and OEF. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A mental health diagnosis was defined as having at least 1 mental health-related International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code out of 4 possible codes for a given outpatient medical visit. Diagnoses were further classified into 1 of 17 disorder categories. RESULTS: Overall, children with parental deployment represented an excess of 6579 mental health diagnoses during the 4-year period compared with children whose parents did not deploy. After the children's age, sex, and mental health history were adjusted for, excess mental health diagnoses associated with parental deployment were greatest for acute stress reaction/adjustment, depressive, and pediatric behavioral disorders and increased with total months of parental deployment. Boys and girls showed similar patterns within these same categories, with more diagnoses observed in older children within sex groups and in boys relative to girls within age groups. CONCLUSIONS: A dose-response pattern between deployment of a parent for OIF and OEF and increased mental health diagnoses was observed in military children of all ages. Findings may be used to inform policy, prevention, and treatment efforts for military families facing substantial troop deployments.

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2007Longitudinal Assessment of Mental Health Problems Among Active and Reserve Component Soldiers Returning From the Iraq War 2007Bringing the War Back Home 2007Association of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With Somatic Symptoms, Health Care Visits, and Absenteeism Among Iraq War Veterans 2009Children on the Homefront: The Experience of Children From Military Families 2010Deployment and the Use of Mental Health Services among U.S. Army Wives 1992A longitudinal study of stress buffering for adolescent problem behaviors.2009The Psychosocial Effects of Deployment on Military Children 2008Effect of Parents' Wartime Deployment on the Behavior of Young Children in Military Families

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2013Well-Being and Suicidal Ideation of Secondary School Students From Military Families 2014Preventing Psychological Disorders in Service Members and Their Families: An Assessment of Programs 2013Psychological Health of Military Children: Longitudinal Evaluation of a Family-Centered Prevention Program to Enhance Family Resilience 2016The Impact of Deployment on Parental, Family and Child Adjustment in Military Families

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