Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on Economic Growth in Ghana: A Cointegration Analysis

Abstract

The problem of the study is to ascertain the major macroeconomic factors that would drive Ghana’s real per capita GDP growth (economic growth) and also determine which ways these factors influence economic policy formulation and implementation. As a result, this study examines the long-run macroeconomic factors of economic growth in Ghana using Johansen approach to cointegration which is more appropriate and efficient for determining the number of cointegrating vectors without relying on an arbitrary normalization. The study period spanned from 1980 to 2010. The time series properties of the data were, first, analyzed using the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. The empirical results derived indicate that all the variables of interest were stationary after their first differencing. The study found cointegration relationship between real GDP per capita (economic growth) and its macroeconomic factors. The policy recommendation among others is that the government should be able to generate more revenue domestically than relying on foreign aid.

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