Relationship between traumatic events in childhood and chronic pain

Richard Thayer Goldberg · WILLIAM N. PACHASOE · David Alexander Keith

171 citations0/0 files storedDisability and Rehabilitation

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Child Abuse and Trauma Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments Pediatric Pain Management Techniques

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose was to examine the relationships between traumatic events in childhood, such as sexual and physical abuse, alcoholism, and drug addiction, and three types of chronic pain: facial pain, myofascial pain, and fibromyalgia. A fourth group, a heterogeneous group of other pain, was used as a comparison group. METHOD: Ninety one patients with chronic pain, age range 20-60, were consecutively recruited from the outpatient clinics of a rehabilitation hospital and a general hospital. Patients were given four measures for completion at evaluation: Childhood History Questionnaire; Childhood Traumatic Events Scale; McGill Melzack Pain Questionnaire; Pain Disability Index. Chi-square was used to test significant differences among four pain groups on sexual, physical, and verbal abuse; alcoholism; drug dependence; medications; major upheaval, childhood illness, death of a family member or friend, and separation or divorce of parents. Logistic regression was used to predict membership in the four pain groups. RESULTS: All pain groups had a history of abuse exceeding 48%: fibromyalgia, 64.7%; myofascial, 61.9%; facial, 50%; other pain, 48.3%. All groups had a history of family alcohol dependence exceeding 38%, and a history of drug dependence ranging from 5.8 to 19.1%. A combined history of pain, child physical abuse, and alcoholism was prevalent in 12.9 to 35.3%. Logistic regression showed patients who were female, with an alcoholic parent, using non-narcotic drugs were more likely to be members of the facial, myofascial, and fibromyalgia groups. CONCLUSIONS: Child traumatic events are significantly related to chronic pain. Since the problem of child abuse is broader than physical and sexual abuse, health and rehabilitation agencies must shift from individualized treatment to interdisciplinary treatment of the family and patient.

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References

1992Trauma and Recovery 1996A Symptom Provocation Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Using Positron Emission Tomography and Script-Driven Imagery 1994Alcohol and drug disorders among physically abusive and neglectful parents in a community-based sample.1995Functional neuroanatomical correlates of the effects of stress on memory 1991Substance abuse and serious child mistreatment: Prevalence, risk, and outcome in a court sample 1991History of physical and sexual abuse in women with chronic pelvic pain 1984Effects of spouse abuse and/or sexual abuse in the development and maintenance of chronic pain in women

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