A New Look at Retest Learning in Older Adults: Learning in the Absence of Item-Specific Effects

Lixia Yang · Frank Russo

22 citations0/0 files storedThe Journals of Gerontology Series B

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Aging and Gerontology Research Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Cognitive Abilities and Testing

Abstract

We investigated retest learning (i.e., performance improvement through retest practice) in the absence of item-specific effects (i.e., learning through memorizing or becoming familiar with specific items) with older adults. Thirty-one older adults (ages 60-82 years, M = 71.10, SD = 6.27) participated in an eight-session self-guided retest program. To eliminate item-specific effects, parallel versions of representative psychometric measures for Inductive Reasoning, Perceptual Speed, and Visual Attention were developed and administered across retest sessions. The results showed substantial non-item-specific retest learning, even controlling for anxiety, suggesting that retest learning in older adults can occur at a more conceptual level.

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References

1991Mediation of Adult Age Differences in Cognition by Reductions in Working Memory and Speed of Processing 1997Intellectual functioning in old and very old age: Cross-sectional results from the Berlin Aging Study.1988On the range of cognitive plasticity in old age as a function of experience: 15 years of intervention research 2005Intraindividual Variability May Not Always Indicate Vulnerability in Elders' Cognitive Performance.2006Basic forms of cognitive plasticity extended into the oldest-old: Retest learning, age, and cognitive functioning.

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2010Use it or lose it? Wii brain exercise practice and reading for domain knowledge.2011Plasticity of inhibition in older adults: Retest practice and transfer effects.2011Retest learning in the absence of item-specific effects: Does it show in the oldest-old?2013Cognitive Inconsistency and Practice-Related Learning in Older Adults 2022Long-term Maintenance of Retest Learning in Young Old and Oldest Old Adults 2012Cognitive change in older adults : practice effects, short-term variability, and their association with sleep 2012BRIEF REPORT Retest Learning in the Absence of Item-Specific Effects: Does It Show in the Oldest-Old?

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