Articlegreen2014

Evolved developmental homeostasis disturbed in LB1 from Flores, Indonesia, denotes Down syndrome and not diagnostic traits of the invalid species Homo floresiensis

Maciej Henneberg · Robert B. Eckhardt · Sakdapong Chavanaves · Kenneth J. Hsü

62 citations0/0 files storedProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies Morphological variations and asymmetry

Abstract

Human skeletons from Liang Bua Cave, Flores, Indonesia, are coeval with only Homo sapiens populations worldwide and no other previously known hominins. We report here for the first time to our knowledge the occipitofrontal circumference of specimen LB1. This datum makes it possible to link the 430-mL endocranial volume of LB1 reported by us previously, later confirmed independently by other investigators, not only with other human skeletal samples past and present but also with a large body of clinical data routinely collected on patients with developmental disorders. Our analyses show that the brain size of LB1 is in the range predicted for an individual with Down syndrome (DS) in a normal small-bodied population from the geographic region that includes Flores. Among additional diagnostic signs of DS and other skeletal dysplasiae are abnormally short femora combined with disproportionate flat feet. Liang Bua Cave femora, known only for LB1, match interlimb proportions for DS. Predictions based on corrected LB1 femur lengths show a stature normal for other H. sapiens populations in the region.

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References

2004A new small-bodied hominin from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia 1958A re‐evaluation of estimation of stature based on measurements of stature taken during life and of long bones after death 2000Earliest Pleistocene Hominid Cranial Remains from Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia: Taxonomy, Geological Setting, and Age 2007Postcranial evidence from early Homo from Dmanisi, Georgia 2002Bodyspace: Anthropometry, Ergonomics And The Design Of Work 2013A Complete Skull from Dmanisi, Georgia, and the Evolutionary Biology of Early Homo 2005Further evidence for small-bodied hominins from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia 1994What Is Average and What Is Not Average About Attractive Faces?

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