Social Organization and Risk: Some Current Controversies

Lee Clarke · James F. Short

214 citations0/0 files storedAnnual Review of Sociology

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Risk Perception and Management Disaster Management and Resilience Occupational Health and Safety Research

Abstract

The sociology of risk is fast becoming a recognized field of theory and research. We consider and evaluate the following key issues, debates, and theories in this emerging field: (i) The argument over whether technological disasters are different from natural disasters, (ii) the contributions of social constructionism to theories of risk, (iii) how recent work on trust and fairness can reorient scholarship on risk perception, (iv) the theory of human error, and why organizational, institutional, and cultural factors are more important, (v) the arguments about organizations that appear to be error-free (i.e. high reliability organizations), (vi) the paradox that we must rely on organizations for responding to disasters though organizations may be precisely the wrong social instruments for such response. Throughout we emphasize the role of organizations and institutional contexts in creating, assessing, and responding to risk.

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References

1967The Social Construction of Reality 1987Perception of Risk 1974The Nature of Managerial Work 1989Media Discourse and Public Opinion on Nuclear Power: A Constructionist Approach 1985Normal Accidents: Living with High Risk Technologies 2020Social Construction of Reality 1987The Second Industrial Divide: Possibilities for Prosperity 1988The Social Amplification of Risk: A Conceptual Framework

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