The Heat Production of Muscle and Nerve, 1848-1914

Abstract

In 1848 Helmholtz' published the first recorded experiments on the heat production of isolated muscle (30). Using three thermocouples in series with a galvanometer, he measured the rise of temperature in prolonged contrac­ tions of the muscles of a frog's leg. He was then 27 years old and still in the Prussian Army Medical Service, though he was allowed to retire later in the same year. In 1847 he had published his famous monograph Ueber die

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