"Leavers" from TANF and AFDC: How Do They Fare Economically?

Martha N. Ozawa

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Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations Social Policies and Family

Abstract

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), a part of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, changed the philosophical ground and rules and regulations that apply to low-income families with children who seek federal income support. TANF recipients have less flexibility in charting their life courses than AFDC recipients had. This article presents the findings of a study that investigated how TANF leavers, in comparison with AFDC leavers, fared economically after they left the cash assistance rolls. The major finding is that the income status of AFDC leavers increased considerably, but that of TANF leavers declined. The authors argue that TANF leavers fared less well economically because their decisions about whether to work, to engage in work-related activities, and to leave cash assistance rolls were under stricter control. The data sources for this study were the 1993 and 1996 Survey of Income and Program Participation.

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References

1960Economics: Principles, Problems, and Policies 2000Work after welfare: Women's work effort, occupation, and economic well-being 2001How Are Families That Left Welfare Doing? A Comparison of Early and Recent Welfare Leavers. New Federalism: National Survey of America's Families, Series B, No. B-36. Assessing the New Federalism: An Urban Institute Program To Assess Changing Social Policies.2001The Effects of Time Limits and Other Policy Changes on Welfare Use, Work, and Income Among Female-Headed Families 2001Gaining Ground? Measuring the Impact of Welfare Reform on Welfare and Work 2002Social Work Advocacy in the Post-TANF Environment: Lessons from Early TANF Research Studies

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2009State TANF Policies and Employment Outcomes among Welfare Leavers 2007Assessing Welfare Reform, Over a Decade Later

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