Socioeconomic Status and Psychiatric Disorder among Blacks and Whites

David R. Williams · David T. Takeuchi · Robert K. Adair

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Health disparities and outcomes Mental Health Treatment and Access Racial and Ethnic Identity Research

Abstract

This article examines the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and current (six-month) and lifetime rates of psychiatric disorders among blacks and whites. Overall, SES is inversely related to psychiatric disorder for both racial groups. This association is weaker for black males than for white males. There is some variation among specific disorders, with the strongest relationship with SES occurring for alcohol abuse. The six- month rate of depression is unrelated to SES among blacks but inversely related for whites. In contrast to our expectations, we found that lower-SES white males have higher rates of psychiatric illness than their black peers. Lawer-SES black females have higher rates of substance abuse disorders than their white counterparts. These findings underscore the need for research efforts to identify the mechanisms and processes that link social stratification to disease.

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References

1959Social Class and Mental Illness 1984Lifetime Prevalence of Specific Psychiatric Disorders in Three Sites 2007Social Class and Mental Illness: A Community Study 1984Six-Month Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Three Communities 1991Psychiatric disorders in America 1985Social Factors in Psychopathology: Stress, Social Support, and Coping Processes 1980Use of a self-report symptom scale to detect depression in a community sample 1990Socioeconomic Differentials in Health: A Review and Redirection

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