Articlehybrid2008

Standardization of the Korean Version of the Geriatric Depression Scale: Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure

Ji Yang Kim · Joon Hyuk Park · Jung Jae Lee · Yoonseok Huh · Seok Bum Lee · Seung Kyoung Han +4 more

179 citations0/0 files storedPsychiatry Investigation

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Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Health and Well-being Studies

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We developed a Revised Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-KR) and examined its reliability, validity, and factor structures. We also estimated its optimal cutoff scores for major depressive disorder (MDD) and minor depressive disorder (MnDD) stratified by age and education. METHODS: The GDS-KR was administered to 888 subjects (61 MDD patients, 45 MnDD patients, and 782 normal elders). Its internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined. Its concurrent validity was evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients with the Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-K) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). The mean GDS-KR scores of the MDD patients, MnDD patients and normal elders were compared to evaluate its discriminant validity. To evaluate its construct validity, a principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate its diagnostic ability. RESULTS: Chronbach's coefficient alpha for the GDS-KR was 0.90 and the test-retest reliability was 0.91 (p<0.01). The Pearson correlation coefficients of the GDS-KR scores with the CES-D-K and HAM-D scores were 0.63 (p<0.01) and 0.56 (p<0.01), respectively. The GDS-KR consisted of 5 factors. The optimal cut-off scores of the GDS-KR were 16/17 for MDD only and 15/16 for both MDD and MnDD. The optimal cutoff scores of the GDS-KR were higher in the less educated and younger subjects. The diagnostic accuracy for MDD of the GDS-KR was higher than that of the CES-D. CONCLUSION: The GDS-KR was found to be a reliable and valid questionnaire for screening MDD and MnDD in late life.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1977The CES-D Scale 1960A RATING SCALE FOR DEPRESSION 2000Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.1982Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report 1965A Self-Rating Depression Scale 1993Diagnostic validity of the CES-D(Korean version) in the assessment of DSM-III-R major depression 2006The criterion validity of the Geriatric Depression Scale: a systematic review

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