Article2002

Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders in South Florida

179 citations0/0 files storedArchives of General Psychiatry

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Mental Health Treatment and Access Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prevalence rates of psychiatric and substance use disorders among young adults in South Florida are presented. Unique aspects of the study include the large sample size, its ethnic diversity, and the fact that a substantial proportion of Hispanic participants were foreign born. METHODS: This study builds on a previous cohort study of students who entered middle school in 1990. A random subsample of this representative cohort (N = 1803) was interviewed between 1998 and 2000 when most were between 19 and 21 years of age. Disorders were assessed through computer-assisted personal interviews utilizing the DSM-IV version of the Michigan Composite International Diagnostic Interview. RESULTS: More than 60% of the sample met lifetime criteria for 1 or more study disorders, and 38% did so within the preceding year. Childhood conduct and major depressive and alcohol abuse disorders were the most prevalent. Although rates of affective and anxiety disorders in females were double that in males, this gender difference disappeared when attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorders, and antisocial personality disorders were also considered (46.6% vs 45.7% for females vs males, respectively). Substantially lower rates were observed among African Americans for depressive disorders and substance abuse and dependence. Among Hispanics, rates tend to be lower among the foreign-born in comparison with their US-born counterparts, particularly for the substance disorders. CONCLUSIONS: The documented presence of psychiatric and substance disorders in middle and high school populations emphasizes the importance of prevention efforts in school settings. Research on the origins of ethnic and nativity differences is called for.

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References

1994Lifetime and 12-Month Prevalence of DSM-III-R Psychiatric Disorders in the United States 1995Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey 1981National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule 1988The Composite International Diagnostic Interview 1991Psychiatric disorders in America: the epidemiologic catchment area study 1994The prevalence and distribution of major depression in a national community sample: the National Comorbidity Survey 1998Lifetime Prevalence of DSM-III-R Psychiatric Disorders Among Urban and Rural Mexican Americans in California 1991Cross-cultural Feasibility, Reliability and Sources of Variance of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)

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