Interpersonal Violence Among Women Seeking Welfare: Unraveling Lives

E. Anne Lown · James Allen Wiley

54 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Public Health

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Homelessness and Social Issues Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Exposure to violence is a widespread problem among women who receive welfare benefits. Research has focused on partner violence among women with children on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), ignoring low-income women without dependent children who are eligible for General Assistance (GA). METHODS: We report findings from a survey of 1235 women seeking TANF (N=1095) and GA (N=140) throughout a California county. RESULTS: Estimates of recent physical, sexual, and severe violence were high in both populations. However, the highest rates occurred among women without children seeking GA, suggesting that they are at higher risk for sexual violence and more severe forms of physical violence, especially from intimate partners. This increased risk is partly accounted for by the co-occurrence of other serious health and social problems. In multivariate analyses, past-year violence was associated with substance use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5, 2.9), recent homelessness (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4, 2.6), family fragmentation including divorce or separation (AOR=3.1, 95% CI 1.8, 5.2), or foster care involvement (AOR=2.2, 95% CI=1.1, 4.5) CONCLUSIONS: Welfare reform created TANF programs to address domestic violence. Women seeking GA may need similar services because of the high prevalence of violence.

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References

1995Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey 1979Measuring Intrafamily Conflict and Violence: The Conflict Tactics (CT) Scales 2000Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women 1999Intimate Partner Violence as a Risk Factor for Mental Disorders: A Meta-Analysis 1990Sexual and Physical Abuse in Women with Functional or Organic Gastrointestinal Disorders 1997A 2-year longitudinal analysis of the relationships between violent assault and substance use in women.1995Pitied but not Entitled: Single Mothers and the History of Welfare 1988Sexual assault and mental disorders in a community population.

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2009“Epidemiological Criminology”: Coming Full Circle 2013Explaining Aboriginal/Non-Aboriginal Inequalities in Postseparation Violence Against Canadian Women 2009The Long-Term Health Consequences of Relationship Violence in Adulthood: An Examination of Low-Income Women From Boston, Chicago, and San Antonio 2018Trauma-informed Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF): A Randomized Controlled Trial with a Two-Generation Impact

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