Culture and Continuing Bonds: A Prospective Comparison of Bereavement in the United States and the People's Republic of China

Kathleen M. Lalande · George A. Bonanno

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Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health Death, Funerary Practices, and Mourning Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion

Abstract

There has been an increased interest and debate regarding the adaptiveness of continuing bonds with the deceased. The authors used data from a cross-cultural study of 61 participants from the United States (US) and 58 participants from the People's Republic of China (PRC) who completed measures of continuing bonds and adjustment at 4 and 18 months of bereavement. Higher levels of continuing bonds in the PRC at 4 months were related to better adjustment at 18 months. In contrast, results in the US showed that higher levels of continuing bonds were related to poorer adjustment at 18 months. The data suggest that culture should be addressed in the development of effective grief therapies, especially when considering continuing bonds with the deceased.

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1953The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud 1922Mourning and Melancholia 1980Attachment and Loss: Vol.3: Loss : Sadness and Depression 1982Attachment and Loss: Sadness and Depression 2014Continuing Bonds 1989The myths of coping with loss.2002Resilience to loss and chronic grief: A prospective study from preloss to 18-months postloss.2001The varieties of grief experience

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2007What has become of grief counseling? An evaluation of the empirical foundations of the new pessimism.2010Young people living with parental bereavement: Insights from an ethnographic study of a UK childhood bereavement service 2009Influences of Religion and Culture on Continuing Bonds in a Sample of British Muslims of Pakistani Origin 2013Bereavement and the role of religious and cultural factors 2007Bereavement: An Incomplete Rite of Passage 2019Bereavement rituals and their related psychosocial functions in a Northern Sotho community of South Africa

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