University patenting, licensing and technology transfer: how organizational context and available resources determine performance

Abstract

The paper assesses the performance of the technology licensing offices (TLO)\nand technology transfer offices (TTO) which have been active in Portuguese higher education\ninstitutions. Data stemming from a survey of these entities was analyzed in successive steps\nthrough factor analysis, cluster analysis and estimation of a model using the Partial-Least\nSquares methodology. It is shown that the institutional nature of each of the surveyed\norganizations implies different behaviours and outcomes. Further it has also became clear that\nthe type of resources and activities in the surveyed organizations determine both their �primary\noutcome� (patent applications and technology transfer processes) and their �final outcome�\n(technology licensing contracts and technology-based spin-offs). The results of this paper\nmight be particularly relevant for other similar economies as Portugal where high-tech and\nknowledge-intensive industries have not been dominant.

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