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The Effects of Psychological Trauma on Children and Adolescents

162 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Counseling & Development

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Child Abuse and Trauma

Abstract

In this review the authors examine the cognitive, affective, behavioral, and somatic‐physiological effects documented in the literature as sequelae of overwhelming life events in children and adolescents. Findings from the literature are compared with the current formulations of Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition, revised (DSM‐III‐R, American Psychiatric Association, 1987) as this diagnostic category applies to children. Responses likely to be observed in children and adolescents who have been exposed to traumatic events are discussed. Suggestions for future research and counseling practice are presented

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References

2012Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1988Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1986Impact of child sexual abuse: A review of the research.1987Life Threat and Posttraumatic Stress in School-age Children 1983Chowchilla revisited: the effects of psychic trauma four years after a school-bus kidnapping 1990Early and long-term effects of child sexual abuse: An update.1989Sleep disturbance as the hallmark of posttraumatic stress disorder 1979Social Interactions of Young Abused Children: Approach, Avoidance, and Aggression

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2006Urban teens: Trauma, posttraumatic growth, and emotional distress among female adolescents.2008Looking Beyond Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children 2011Neurodevelopmental Biology Associated with Childhood Sexual Abuse 2000“Approach” and “avoidance” coping and PTSD symptoms in innercity youth 2014Characteristics of the Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale in a Clinically Referred Dutch Sample

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